Your best defense against lead in your food, according to a toxicologist

Recent findings of lead in everyday foods like protein powder and applesauce have raised health concerns, prompting experts to advise that a varied and nutrient-dense diet is the most effective way to reduce exposure risks. Lead exposure through contaminated food has been linked to serious health issues, including developmental problems and nervous system damage in children, as well as high blood pressure and joint pain in adults. Incidents such as the 2023 applesauce contamination and recent reports on protein powders underscore the ongoing threat. Regulatory bodies like the FDA have established new limits for lead in baby food this year, aiming to protect vulnerable populations from dietary contaminants. The presence of lead in food often stems from natural sources in the soil, where crops absorb the metal, but human activities like smelting and historical use of leaded gasoline also contribute to environmental contamination. Dr. Joseph Zagorski, a toxicologist at Michigan State University, explains that some plants are more prone to storing lead, and contamination can occur through air or soil, though intentional addition is rare. To address these risks, the FDA uses exposure benchmarks—2.2 micrograms per day for children and 8.8 for women of childbearing age—to evaluate potential concerns. However, Dr. Tasha Stoiber of the Environmental Working Group notes that consumers often lack precise information, recommending they choose brands that conduct regular testing for lead levels. The core defense strategy emphasized by experts is adopting a diverse and nutritionally rich diet. This approach reduces the likelihood of overconsuming any single contaminated food and supports the body’s ability to prioritize absorbing essential nutrients like iron over lead, allowing toxins to pass through more easily. For instance, occasional use of protein powders found with lead is less risky than daily consumption, as Dr. Zagorski states, “Protein powder is intended to be a supplement and not a diet.” Similarly, varying intake of foods like chocolate and spices can mitigate cumulative exposure risks. The body’s natural detoxification processes are enhanced by proper nutrition, with the principle that “the dose makes the poison” highlighting the importance of moderation. Adequate iron intake, for example, helps the digestive system absorb beneficial elements instead of lead, reducing health impacts. Looking ahead, continued public education and regulatory efforts, such as the FDA’s “Closer to Zero” campaign, are crucial. Consumers are encouraged to stay informed about recalls and support initiatives that aim to minimize childhood exposure, combining personal dietary choices with broader environmental protections for better health safety.