Raila Odinga, a towering figure in Kenyan politics who played a crucial role in shaping the nation’s democratic institutions, has died at the age of 80. His passing in India marks the culmination of a decades-long career dedicated to advancing multi-party democracy and political reform in Kenya.
Odinga died on Wednesday morning in Kerala, India, where he was receiving medical treatment for an undisclosed illness. The Devamatha Hospital confirmed that he suffered a cardiac arrest during a morning walk. In response, Kenyan President William Ruto declared seven days of national mourning, describing Odinga as “the father of our democracy” and a “giant” whose legacy will endure. The news has sparked an outpouring of grief across the country, with many Kenyans reflecting on his immense influence.
Throughout his more than four-decade political career, Odinga never attained the presidency despite five unsuccessful bids, but his impact was profound. He was instrumental in ending the one-party rule of Daniel arap Moi in 1992 and championed the progressive 2010 constitution, which introduced devolved governance and strengthened democratic checks and balances. His efforts earned him a reputation as a staunch defender of multi-party politics, adored by his supporters and often opposed by the political establishment.
One of the most significant moments in Odinga’s career was the disputed 2007 presidential election, which he claimed was stolen from him. The ensuing violence resulted in approximately 1,200 deaths and displaced thousands, leading to international mediation by former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan. As part of the peace agreement, Odinga was appointed prime minister in a coalition government, though his tenure was marred by ongoing political tensions with President Mwai Kibaki.
In the 2017 election, Odinga lost to Uhuru Kenyatta but successfully petitioned the Supreme Court, which nullified the results due to widespread irregularities. He boycotted the subsequent re-run, declaring himself “the people’s president” and mobilizing his supporters in protests. This period highlighted his role as a master strategist and mass mobilizer, even as it deepened political divisions. The rivalry with Kenyatta eventually ended with a symbolic handshake in 2018, leading to Kenyatta’s support for Odinga’s final presidential bid in 2022.
Recently, Odinga made headlines by entering into a political deal with President Ruto, which saw members of his ODM party join the cabinet in a “broad-based” government. This move was interpreted as Ruto’s attempt to consolidate power amid growing public discontent over economic issues and tax hikes. However, it drew criticism from young protesters who had led anti-government demonstrations, accusing Odinga of abandoning the opposition’s principles. Odinga defended his actions, stating he was “donating” experts to help save the country.
Born on January 7, 1945, in Maseno, Kenya, Odinga hailed from the Luo ethnic group and was the son of Jaramogi Odinga, Kenya’s first vice-president. He studied mechanical engineering in East Germany, earning a master’s degree in 1970, and was married to Ida Odinga, with whom he had four children. Known by nicknames such as “Baba” (father), “Agwambo” (Act of God), and “Tinga” (Tractor), he had a passionate following and was celebrated for his signature “Raila Dance” at rallies. An avid football fan, he supported Arsenal and maintained an active lifestyle, often seen exercising in Nairobi.
Odinga’s legacy extends beyond Kenya’s borders; he was a committed pan-Africanist who criticized neo-colonialism and advocated for African unity. He served as the African Union High Representative for Infrastructure Development from 2018 to 2023 and was involved in mediation efforts, such as in Ivory Coast’s 2010-2011 crisis. His death creates a significant void in Kenya’s opposition as the country approaches the 2027 elections, with many pondering the future of democratic movements without his guiding presence. He will be remembered as a foundational figure in Kenya’s journey toward a more inclusive and democratic society.